# Consumer Price Index (CPI)

Source: https://contracko.com/it/glossario/indice-dei-prezzi-al-consumo

# Consumer Price Index (CPI)

A statistical measure of average price changes for consumer goods, often used to index contract prices.

## Definizione

The Consumer Price Index (CPI) tracks the average change over time in the prices paid by households for goods and services and is published in the Netherlands by Statistics Netherlands (CBS). Contracts frequently tie annual price adjustments to a named CPI figure so that the agreed price keeps pace with inflation. Choosing the correct index series and reference month is essential to avoid disputes.

## Esempio

> A lease provides that rent rises each January in line with the CBS CPI for all households over the preceding calendar year.

## Perché rappresenta un rischio aziendale

Contracts that reference the CPI without specifying the exact series, reference month or calculation formula create disputes every time an adjustment falls due. In periods of high inflation the financial impact of getting the index wrong is significant. Landlords and tenants, or buyers and suppliers, can reach entirely different figures from the same underlying data if the clause is ambiguous.

## Come gestirlo

- Name the exact CBS index series (e.g. CPI all households, derived or undivided) and the reference month in the contract clause.
- Specify the calculation formula: percentage change from reference month in year N-1 to reference month in year N.
- Set the adjustment date and agree what happens if CBS revises a published figure after the adjustment has been applied.
- Consider whether a cap or floor on the annual adjustment is appropriate, especially for long-term agreements.
- Diarise the adjustment date in your contract management system so the new price is calculated and communicated on time.

### Come aiuta Contracko

Contracko extracts indexation clauses and their adjustment dates from uploaded contracts, and sends reminders ahead of each scheduled price revision. This ensures teams recalculate and communicate the new price on time rather than discovering a missed adjustment months later.

## Rilevante per

[Immobili commerciali](https://contracko.com/it/settori/immobiliare-commerciale)[Amministrazione immobiliare](https://contracko.com/it/settori/gestione-immobiliare)[Logistica e distribuzione](https://contracko.com/it/settori/logistica)

## Clausole correlate

- [Price Indexation Clause](https://contracko.com/it/biblioteca-di-clausole/indicizzazione-dei-prezzi)
- [Payment Terms Clause](https://contracko.com/it/biblioteca-di-clausole/condizioni-di-pagamento)

## Termini correlati

- [Price indexation clause](https://contracko.com/it/glossario/clausola-di-indicizzazione-del-prezzo)
- [Price revision](https://contracko.com/it/glossario/revisione-del-prezzo)
- [Price escalation](https://contracko.com/it/glossario/escalation-dei-prezzi)
- [Contract value](https://contracko.com/it/glossario/valore-del-contratto)

### Non perda mai più una scadenza contrattuale

- L'AI trova le date di rinnovo e preavviso
- Rischi e obblighi emergono automaticamente
- I promemoria La aiutano ad agire prima che le date sfuggano

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## Domande frequenti

Domande comuni su questo termine.

- **Q:** Which CBS CPI series is most commonly used in Dutch lease contracts?
  **A:** Most Dutch commercial and residential leases reference the CBS CPI for all households (alle huishoudens), often the derived (afgeleid) series that excludes energy. The exact series should always be named in the clause.

- **Q:** What happens if the CPI is negative?
  **A:** Unless the contract includes a floor of 0%, a negative CPI figure would contractually require a price reduction. Many clauses include a floor to prevent the price from falling below the current level.

- **Q:** Can CPI indexation be challenged on grounds of unfairness?
  **A:** In theory a court can set aside a contractual term under BW 6:248 if applying it in the circumstances would be unacceptable by standards of reasonableness and fairness, but this is a high bar for a standard indexation clause.

- **Q:** Is CBS CPI the only index used in Dutch contracts?
  **A:** No. Construction contracts often use a BDB or CROW cost index; IT service contracts may reference wage indices; and international contracts can use Eurostat or national indices from other countries. The key is to name the index precisely.

- **Q:** How often can a CPI adjustment be applied?
  **A:** The frequency is set by the contract. Annual adjustment is the norm in lease agreements. More frequent adjustments are possible but unusual and must be agreed explicitly.

## Veda questi termini nei suoi contratti

Carichi un contratto e Contracko estrae i termini chiave, le date e gli obblighi, poi la ricorda prima che ciascuno diventi rilevante.

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